A resistive sensor is a Wheatstone bridge diffused on a single crystal silicon chip, and the measured medium (gas or liquid) is pressurized to change the resistance value of the bridge wall (piezoresistive effect), generating a differential voltage signal. This signal is converted into a standard analog signal or digital signal by a dedicated amplifier, which corresponds to the range. A resistive sensor is made of silicon and bonded to a steel substrate through the bonding effect between metals.
Capacitive sensors use various types of capacitors as sensing elements. The measured changes will cause changes in the capacitance of the capacitors. Through the measurement circuit, the changes in capacitance can be converted into electrical signals for output. Measuring the size of an electrical signal can determine the size being measured. This is the basic working principle of capacitive sensors.
Compared with resistive sensors, capacitive sensors have many advantages, such as good stability, high measurement accuracy, simple structure, and convenient use. Capacitive sensors have higher pressure sensitivity and lower temperature sensitivity. The capacitance value of a capacitive sensor is generally independent of the electrode material, which is beneficial for selecting materials with low temperature coefficients. However, due to its minimal heat generation, it has little impact on stability. The resistive sensor has a compact structure, convenient installation, and a price advantage over capacitive sensors.
Resistance sensors and capacitive sensors are essential tools for achieving automation in the production process.
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